什么是雙離合變速箱？

　　What is a dual clutch transmission?

　　雙離合變速器顧名思義，雙離合變速器的技術(shù)關(guān)鍵就在于雙離合，也就是有兩個(gè)離合器，其中一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)奇數(shù)檔（1、3、5、7擋），另一個(gè)離合器負(fù)責(zé)偶數(shù)檔（2、4、6擋）。可以想象為將兩臺(tái)手動(dòng)變速箱的功能合二為一，并建立在單一的系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，它沒(méi)有液力變矩器也沒(méi)有行星齒輪組。從齒輪部分乍一看很像一臺(tái)手動(dòng)變速器，因?yàn)樗型狡鳎煌氖撬谩半p”離合器控制與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力的通斷，這兩臺(tái)自動(dòng)控制的離合器，由電子控制及液壓推動(dòng)，能同時(shí)控制兩組離合器的運(yùn)作。

　　As the name suggests, the key technology of dual clutch transmission lies in dual clutch, which means there are two clutches, one of which is responsible for odd gears (1, 3, 5, 7), and the other clutch is responsible for even gears (2, 4, 6). It can be imagined as combining the functions of two manual transmissions and building them into a single system, without a hydraulic torque converter or planetary gear set. At first glance from the gear section, it looks like a manual transmission because it has synchronizers, but the difference is that it uses "dual" clutches to control the on/off of the engine power. These two automatically controlled clutches are electronically controlled and hydraulically driven, and can simultaneously control the operation of two sets of clutches.

　　雙離合變速器(Dual Clutch Transmission) DCT有別于一般的自動(dòng)變速器系統(tǒng)，它基于手動(dòng)變速器而又不是自動(dòng)變速器，除了擁有手動(dòng)變速器的靈活性及自動(dòng)變速器的舒適性外，還能提供無(wú)間斷的動(dòng)力輸出。而傳統(tǒng)的手動(dòng)變速器使用一臺(tái)離合器，當(dāng)換擋時(shí)，駕駛員須踩下離合器踏板，使不同擋的齒輪做出嚙合動(dòng)作，而動(dòng)力就在換擋期間出現(xiàn)間斷，令輸出表現(xiàn)有所斷續(xù)。

　　The Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) is different from typical automatic transmission systems in that it is based on a manual transmission rather than an automatic transmission. In addition to the flexibility of a manual transmission and the comfort of an automatic transmission, it can also provide uninterrupted power output. Traditional manual transmissions, on the other hand, use a clutch. When shifting gears, the driver must press the clutch pedal to engage the gears of different gears, resulting in intermittent power output during the shifting process.

　　當(dāng)前越來(lái)比較多的車型基本都使用了雙離合變速箱，雙離合變速箱有它自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，也有缺點(diǎn)。但盡管罵聲一片，非常多車企還是堅(jiān)持使用。那么國(guó)內(nèi)車企為何如此熱愛使用雙離合變速箱？

　　More and more car models currently use dual clutch transmissions, which have their own advantages and disadvantages. Despite widespread criticism, many car companies still insist on using it. So why do domestic car companies love using dual clutch transmissions so much?

　　下面和汽車小編一塊來(lái)看一下雙離合變速箱利弊吧。

　　Let's take a look at the pros and cons of dual clutch transmissions with the automotive editor.

　　正是因?yàn)殡p離合變速箱有著這種先天優(yōu)勢(shì)，各大廠家即便困難重重也必須想方設(shè)法去攻克技術(shù)難關(guān)，研發(fā)自己的雙離合變速箱，這其中就包含自主品牌。雙離合變速箱利弊是什么不管你是加速還是減速，在離合器下基本都已經(jīng)預(yù)備好為你上下移動(dòng)，所以當(dāng)你在踩剎車后，需要立即加速，踩油門，發(fā)覺發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)加速，但沒(méi)有動(dòng)力。同樣，這兩種狀況也會(huì)嚴(yán)重關(guān)系雙離合器的壽命。良好的做法是抬開剎車并滑行一段距離，然后進(jìn)而開始加速油門。特別是擁塞道路，能把掛S檔（S檔時(shí)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速更高才會(huì)升檔）或切換手動(dòng)模式1檔，防止走走停停1、2檔之間太頻繁的切換，變速箱過(guò)熱。盡最大限度走一段停一段，不用半聯(lián)動(dòng)蠕行，假如插隊(duì)的太多那也沒(méi)法了。還有一類變速箱,如菲亞特，當(dāng)你剎車踩到底的時(shí)候，離合不會(huì)切斷動(dòng)力，會(huì)一直結(jié)合，這就好比手動(dòng)擋沒(méi)有踩下離合并且還掛著檔一樣，這么會(huì)把變速箱給“憋”壞的，因而這類變速箱當(dāng)你等紅綠燈或堵車時(shí)間超過(guò)5秒那么提倡掛到空檔。我身邊就有這么的朋友，原來(lái)他不清楚雙離合是這狀況，然后直接把變速箱開報(bào)廢了，還好在保修期內(nèi)，廠家免費(fèi)更換。

　　It is precisely because of the inherent advantages of dual clutch transmissions that major manufacturers must find ways to overcome technical difficulties and develop their own dual clutch transmissions, including domestic brands, even in the face of numerous challenges. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a dual clutch transmission? Regardless of whether you are accelerating or decelerating, the clutch is basically ready for you to move up and down. Therefore, when you step on the brake, you need to accelerate immediately. If you step on the accelerator, you may notice that the engine is accelerating but there is no power. Similarly, these two conditions will also seriously affect the lifespan of the dual clutch. A good practice is to lift the brake and slide for a distance, then start accelerating the accelerator. Especially on congested roads, it is possible to shift into S gear (when the engine speed is higher, it will upshift) or switch to manual mode 1 to prevent frequent switching between start stop 1 and 2 gears, which can cause the gearbox to overheat. Try to walk and stop as much as possible, without the need for semi coordinated crawling. If there are too many people cutting in line, it won't be possible. There is also a type of gearbox, such as Fiat. When you press the brake pedal to the bottom, the clutch will not cut off the power and will continue to engage. This is like a manual transmission without pressing the clutch and still in gear, which can damage the gearbox. Therefore, when you wait for traffic lights or traffic jams for more than 5 seconds, it is recommended to shift to neutral for this type of gearbox. I have a friend around me who was not aware of the condition of the dual clutch transmission, so he simply scrapped it. Fortunately, during the warranty period, the manufacturer replaced it for free.

　　雙離合變速器優(yōu)點(diǎn)雙離合變速器的優(yōu)勢(shì)有以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　The advantages of dual clutch transmission are as follows:

　　1. 換擋快。雙離合變速器的換擋時(shí)間非常短，比手動(dòng)變速箱的速度還要快，只有0.2秒不到。

　　1. Shift gears quickly. The shifting time of a dual clutch transmission is very short, even faster than that of a manual transmission, less than 0.2 seconds.

　　2. 省油。雙離合變速器因?yàn)橄伺ぞ氐闹袛啵簿褪亲尠l(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力一直在利用，而且始終在最佳的工作所以能夠大量節(jié)省燃油。相比傳統(tǒng)行星齒輪式自動(dòng)變速箱更利于提升燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性，油耗大約能夠降低15%。

　　2. Fuel efficient. The dual clutch transmission can save a lot of fuel because it eliminates torque interruption, which means the engine's power is always being utilized and working at its best. Compared to traditional planetary gear automatic transmissions, it is more conducive to improving fuel economy, with fuel consumption reduced by approximately 15%.

　　3. 舒適性。因?yàn)閾Q擋速度快，所以DCT的每次換擋都非常平順，頓挫感已經(jīng)小到了人體很難察覺的地步。

　　3. Comfort. Due to its fast shifting speed, DCT's gear shifts are very smooth every time, and the jerkiness is so small that it is difficult for the human body to detect.

　　4. 在換擋過(guò)程中，幾乎沒(méi)有扭矩?fù)p失。

　　During the shifting process, there is almost no torque loss.

　　5. 當(dāng)高擋齒輪已處于預(yù)備狀態(tài)時(shí)，升擋速度極快，達(dá)到驚人的8毫秒。

　　When the high gear is in standby mode, the upshift speed is extremely fast, reaching an astonishing 8 milliseconds.

　　6. 無(wú)論油門或者運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)模式處于何種狀況，換擋時(shí)間至少能達(dá)到600毫秒(從奇數(shù)擋降到奇數(shù)擋，或者從偶數(shù)擋降偶數(shù)擋時(shí)，耗時(shí)約為900毫秒，例如從第5擋降到3擋)。

　　6. Regardless of the throttle or operating mode, the shifting time should be at least 600 milliseconds (approximately 900 milliseconds when shifting from odd gear to odd gear, or from even gear to even gear, such as shifting from 5th gear to 3rd gear).

　　雙離合變速器缺點(diǎn)1.成本問(wèn)題。雙離合變速器的結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，制造工藝要求的也比較高，所以成本也是比較高的。所以我們看到配備雙離合變速器的都是一些中高檔的車型。

　　Disadvantages of dual clutch transmission: 1. Cost issue. The structure of dual clutch transmission is complex, and the manufacturing process requirements are relatively high, so the cost is also relatively high. So we see that vehicles equipped with dual clutch transmissions are mostly mid to high end models.

　　2.扭矩問(wèn)題。雖然在可以承受的扭矩上，雙離合變速箱已經(jīng)絕對(duì)能滿足一般的車輛的要求，但是對(duì)于激烈的使用還是不夠。因?yàn)槿绻歉墒降碾x合，則會(huì)產(chǎn)生太多的熱量，而濕式的離合，摩擦力又會(huì)不夠。

　　2. Torque issue. Although the dual clutch transmission can definitely meet the requirements of general vehicles in terms of tolerable torque, it is still not enough for intense use. Because if it is a dry clutch, it will generate too much heat, while a wet clutch will have insufficient friction.

　　3 .由于電控系統(tǒng)和液壓系統(tǒng)的存在，雙離合器變速箱的效率仍然不及傳統(tǒng)手動(dòng)變速箱，特別是用于傳遞大扭矩的濕式雙離合器變速箱更是如此。

　　3 . Due to the presence of electronic and hydraulic systems, the efficiency of dual clutch transmissions is still inferior to traditional manual transmissions, especially wet dual clutch transmissions used for transmitting high torque.

　　4. 當(dāng)需要切換的擋位并未處于預(yù)備狀態(tài)時(shí)，換擋時(shí)間相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)，在某些情況下甚至超過(guò)1秒。

　　When the gear to be switched is not in standby mode, the shifting time is relatively long, in some cases even exceeding 1 second.

　　5. 雙離合器變速箱相比傳統(tǒng)手動(dòng)變速箱更重。

　　5. Dual clutch transmissions are heavier than traditional manual transmissions.

　　6. 早期的雙離合器變速箱可靠性欠佳。隨著汽車的發(fā)展雙離合變速箱的缺點(diǎn)必定會(huì)越來(lái)越少，變得更加的完善。

　　Early dual clutch transmissions had poor reliability. With the development of automobiles, the disadvantages of dual clutch transmissions will inevitably become fewer and more perfect.

　　雙離合變速箱的壽命受什么影響？

　　What affects the lifespan of a dual clutch transmission?

　　那首先從結(jié)構(gòu)和原材料來(lái)講，這個(gè)雙離合變速箱呢它主要是雙離合器、齒輪變速器、換擋執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)、控制系統(tǒng)這么組在一起的。

　　Firstly, in terms of structure and raw materials, this dual clutch transmission is mainly composed of dual clutch, gear transmission, shift actuator, and control system.

　　原材料金屬抗拉強(qiáng)度高，達(dá)到500兆帕

　　The tensile strength of the raw material metal is high, reaching 500 megapascals

　　最重要的零件呢是齒輪和軸承，它這個(gè)材料呢有很多，什么碳鋼、合金鋼、球墨鑄鐵、灰鑄鐵，那其中呢這個(gè)滲碳鋼是作為變速箱的這個(gè)常用材料的。它這個(gè)金屬抗拉強(qiáng)度可以達(dá)到500兆帕以上，這什么概念，就是用這個(gè)材料把它做成一個(gè)晾衣架，就橫了一根桿子。你在這個(gè)晾衣架上面可以掛三臺(tái)哈佛H6，然后這個(gè)晾衣架不會(huì)變形也不會(huì)斷掉，就有這么高的那個(gè)強(qiáng)度。

　　The most important parts are gears and bearings, which are made of various materials such as carbon steel, alloy steel, ductile iron, and gray cast iron. Among them, carburizing steel is a commonly used material for gearboxes. The tensile strength of this metal can reach over 500 megapascals. The concept is to use this material to make it into a drying rack, with a horizontal pole. You can hang three Harvard H6s on this clothes rack, and this clothes rack will not deform or break, so it has such high strength.

　　原材料使用壽命在20年以上

　　The service life of raw materials is over 20 years

　　所以說(shuō)按照設(shè)計(jì)壽命來(lái)說(shuō)的話，基本上它是可以用20年以上的，那么就和我們車子的壽命算是相同了。那剛才講的是強(qiáng)度，也就是夠不夠硬，還有一個(gè)呢就是耐不耐磨對(duì)吧。

　　So, in terms of design lifespan, it can basically last for more than 20 years, which is equivalent to the lifespan of our car. What I just talked about is strength, which means whether it is hard enough, and also whether it is durable or not, right.

　　原材料耐高溫，可以忍受800-1000攝氏度

　　The raw materials are resistant to high temperatures and can withstand 800-1000 degrees Celsius

　　那么現(xiàn)在用的常見的摩擦部件呢都是粉末冶金材料，它是耐磨耐高溫的，這種材料呢也是用在飛機(jī)的剎車片上的。那你想啊我們現(xiàn)在的這種民用飛機(jī)，著陸的速度基本上是200公里/小時(shí)，剎車一剎的話呢瞬時(shí)溫度這個(gè)剎車片表面大概有800到1000攝氏度，所以從材料的角度來(lái)說(shuō)的話大家放心好了。

　　So the common friction components used now are made of powder metallurgy materials, which are wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant. This material is also used on the brake pads of airplanes. Do you think about it? The landing speed of our current civilian aircraft is basically 200 kilometers per hour. When the brake is applied, the instantaneous temperature on the surface of the brake pad is about 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius. So from the perspective of materials, everyone can rest assured.

　　原材料能夠承受高強(qiáng)度摩擦

　　Raw materials can withstand high-strength friction

　　這種軍用民用的這種飛機(jī)，在800到1000攝氏度這個(gè)溫度下，使用壽命都有100到500次了。那雙離合摩擦片上面的這個(gè)工作環(huán)境溫柔的多了，基本就是在150攝氏度以下，所以說(shuō)這種會(huì)動(dòng)的摩擦部件也可以和車子的壽命達(dá)到相同。

　　This military and civilian aircraft has a service life of 100 to 500 times at temperatures of 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius. The working environment on those clutch friction plates is much gentler, basically below 150 degrees Celsius, so this movable friction component can also achieve the same lifespan as the car.

　　變速箱的冷卻方式延緩離合器磨損

　　Cooling method of gearbox delays clutch wear

　　那這里要補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，就是雙離合變速箱它不是分為干式和濕式的嘛，基本的原理和構(gòu)造上面的話，這個(gè)沒(méi)什么太大差別，但是冷卻方式上不同。這個(gè)濕式離合器，它是依靠這個(gè)變速箱油和其它油液浸泡來(lái)吸收能量把它帶出去的，土話叫水冷，當(dāng)然這個(gè)是油冷。那干式離合器就是通過(guò)風(fēng)冷來(lái)散熱的。

　　One thing to add here is that dual clutch transmissions are divided into dry and wet types. In terms of basic principles and structure, there is not much difference, but the cooling method is different. This wet clutch relies on the immersion of transmission oil and other fluids to absorb energy and carry it out. It is called water-cooled in local dialect, but of course it is oil cooled. The dry clutch dissipates heat through air cooling.

　　濕式離合器壽命比干式長(zhǎng)

　　Wet clutch has a longer lifespan than dry clutch

　　那對(duì)離合器來(lái)說(shuō)的話，有潤(rùn)滑液吸熱，同時(shí)還可以減少磨損，所以壽命會(huì)更長(zhǎng)。濕式雙離合的這個(gè)摩擦部件的壽命，基本上是干式的5到6倍這個(gè)樣子。所以說(shuō)從材料、結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)這個(gè)角度來(lái)說(shuō)的話，這個(gè)雙離合變速箱用用和汽車的壽命基本上是一樣的，汽車報(bào)廢了說(shuō)不定雙離合變速箱還能用的。

　　For the clutch, lubricating fluid absorbs heat and reduces wear, resulting in a longer lifespan. The lifespan of this friction component in wet dual clutch transmission is basically 5 to 6 times that of dry transmission. So from the perspective of materials, structure, and technology, the lifespan of this dual clutch transmission is basically the same as that of a car. If the car is scrapped, the dual clutch transmission may still be usable.

　　哪些情況會(huì)影響雙離合的壽命？

　　What situations can affect the lifespan of dual clutch transmission?

　　但是現(xiàn)在我們大多數(shù)人的印象當(dāng)中雙離合它其實(shí)很短命的，各種不好用，經(jīng)常會(huì)出問(wèn)題。這個(gè)呢主要還是因?yàn)樯a(chǎn)技術(shù)和它的程序設(shè)置。那下面呢我就跟大家分享一下，我們的哪些行為，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致這個(gè)雙離合變速箱提前折壽。

　　But now most of us have the impression that dual clutch transmission is actually very short-lived, difficult to use, and often has problems. This is mainly due to production technology and its program settings. Next, I will share with you which behaviors we have taken that may cause this dual clutch transmission to lose its lifespan prematurely.

　　長(zhǎng)時(shí)間低速行駛加速雙離合的磨損

　　Wear and tear of dual clutch during long-term low-speed driving acceleration

　　首先第一個(gè)的話呢就是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的低速行駛，堵車的時(shí)候慢慢地跟車，走走停停，這雙離合呢一直就是處于這個(gè)半聯(lián)動(dòng)的狀態(tài)。如果不是處于半聯(lián)動(dòng)狀態(tài)呢就變成低檔位是來(lái)回反復(fù)切換，這個(gè)磨損的加劇程度是非常大的，它讓摩擦部件的壽命會(huì)快速的下降。就好像我們這個(gè)小碎步走路這個(gè)鞋底更容易被磨破對(duì)不對(duì)，腳也特別的酸，又費(fèi)油又費(fèi)變速箱。那這個(gè)堵車又不是我們說(shuō)了算的對(duì)吧，無(wú)法避免的，這個(gè)路況就這樣。

　　The first thing is to drive at low speed for a long time, slowly following the car in traffic, starting and stopping. This dual clutch system has always been in a semi linked state. If it is not in a semi linked state, it will switch back and forth to a low gear repeatedly, and the degree of wear will be very severe, which will rapidly reduce the service life of the friction components. It's like our little step walking, where the soles of our shoes are more easily worn out, right? Our feet are also particularly sore, and it consumes a lot of oil and gearbox. Then this traffic jam is not our the final say, right? It's unavoidable. This is the road condition.

　　減少停停走走的次數(shù)

　　Reduce the number of stops and walks

　　那我們自己可以做的事情呢，就是讓前面的車子先稍微走一段，然后呢自己再慢慢的跟油跟上去，來(lái)減少我們這么停停走走的這種次數(shù)，增加每一次行駛的這個(gè)距離，相對(duì)的來(lái)說(shuō)呢可以提高一定的雙離合壽命。

　　What we can do ourselves is to let the car in front go for a while, and then slowly catch up with the gas to reduce the number of times we stop and move, increase the distance we travel each time, and relatively improve the service life of the dual clutch.

　　剎車踩不到底會(huì)加重雙離合負(fù)擔(dān)

　　Failure to fully apply the brakes will increase the burden on the dual clutch system

　　那還有一種比較傷車的做法呢，就是車子停在那邊，你不掛P檔不掛N檔，就是一直D檔，然后剎車踩在那邊。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)踩在那邊的話，離合器它還是處于半聯(lián)動(dòng)的這種狀態(tài)。而且如果我們剎車不踩到底或者踩的比較輕，它很有可能因?yàn)槲覀兊哪_一抖，半聯(lián)動(dòng)、聯(lián)動(dòng)來(lái)回切換，其實(shí)已經(jīng)潛移默化地做了好多回這樣的動(dòng)作了。

　　There is another way that can be quite damaging to the car, which is to park the car over there and not put it in P or N gear, just keep putting it in D gear and then press the brake on that side. Because if you step on that side, the clutch will still be in a semi linked state. And if we don't press the brakes to the bottom or press them lightly, it's very likely that our feet will shake and switch back and forth between semi linked and linked modes, which has already been done many times unconsciously.

　　長(zhǎng)時(shí)間等待可以熄火或掛N檔

　　Long wait can turn off the engine or shift to N gear

　　我們自己還沒(méi)有這種感覺，這個(gè)時(shí)候?qū)囎雍碗p離合器的負(fù)擔(dān)也是算比較大的。所以我建議各位朋友如果超過(guò)兩分鐘的等待，也不要一個(gè)腳就剎車那邊踩在那邊，也太酸，掛個(gè)N擋拉手剎就可以了，如果超過(guò)五分鐘了，干脆掛個(gè)P檔熄火好了。

　　We don't have this feeling ourselves yet, and the burden on the car and dual clutch is quite heavy at this time. So I suggest that if you wait for more than two minutes, don't just press the brake on the other side with one foot, it's too sour. Just shift to N gear and pull the handbrake. If it's more than five minutes, simply shift to P gear and turn off the engine.

　　換擋太快容易打齒輪

　　Shifting gears too quickly can easily cause gear breakage

　　那么除了剛才說(shuō)的這兩種情況之外，還有咧，比如說(shuō)換擋太快，這個(gè)雙離合的特點(diǎn)不就是換擋快嗎？但我不是這個(gè)意思，是什么呢？就是我們往前面開，車子還沒(méi)停穩(wěn)，馬上就掛成倒檔；我們倒車的時(shí)候還沒(méi)停穩(wěn)，馬上就掛在P檔。

　　So besides the two situations mentioned earlier, what else is there? For example, if you shift gears too quickly, isn't the characteristic of this dual clutch system being fast shifting? But that's not what I meant, what is it? We drove forward, but before the car came to a complete stop, we immediately shifted into reverse gear; We didn't come to a complete stop when reversing, and immediately shifted into P gear.

　　變速箱的齒輪容易被打掉

　　The gears of the gearbox are prone to breakage

　　這個(gè)是很容易打齒輪的，而雙離合變速箱的齒輪特別容易被打掉，這個(gè)是目前我們維修廠經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的這一個(gè)情況。那后面幾個(gè)不太會(huì)出現(xiàn)的，我就一筆帶過(guò)跟大家講一下。

　　This is easy to gear, and the gears of the dual clutch transmission are particularly prone to breakage, which is a common occurrence in our maintenance factory. I will briefly mention the later ones that are unlikely to appear.

　　還有哪些可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題？

　　What other potential issues may arise?

　　N擋滑行可能會(huì)燒壞變速箱

　　Coasting in N gear may burn out the gearbox

　　比如說(shuō)是N擋滑行，現(xiàn)在自動(dòng)擋掛N檔滑行不但不省油，而且還有可能會(huì)燒壞變速箱。輸出么轉(zhuǎn)速很高，但是這個(gè)變速箱的這個(gè)油泵因?yàn)槟銙煸贜檔，這個(gè)油就供不上去或者叫供油不足，那散熱就會(huì)差，潤(rùn)滑也會(huì)差，這時(shí)間一長(zhǎng)就有可能引起這個(gè)變速箱的共振和打滑的現(xiàn)象，土話說(shuō)呢就是燒掉了。

　　For example, when it comes to coasting in N gear, shifting from automatic to N gear not only saves fuel, but also has the potential to burn out the gearbox. The output speed is very high, but the oil pump of this gearbox cannot supply oil or supply insufficient oil because you are in N gear. This will result in poor heat dissipation and lubrication, which may cause resonance and slipping of the gearbox over time. In layman's terms, it may burn out.

　　拖車太快導(dǎo)致變速箱損傷

　　Trailing too fast causes damage to the gearbox

　　然后就是拖車救援，雙離合變速器和其他車子不太一樣，其他車子掛個(gè)空檔選擇一個(gè)拖車檔，那直接繩子拖走就可以了。雙離合你如果是熄火的時(shí)候掛在那個(gè)拖車檔的話，你這個(gè)速度要有嚴(yán)格的限制，說(shuō)明書有寫，是很慢很慢的一個(gè)速度。如果稍微快一點(diǎn)的話，變速箱也有可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生這種損壞。那我比較建議搭載雙離合變速箱的各位朋友們要救援的話，直接就是吊到板車上，然后板車拖走，不要原地這么「滋」在那邊拉很容易出問(wèn)題。

　　Then there's the trailer rescue. The dual clutch transmission is different from other cars. For other cars, if you put them in neutral and choose a trailer gear, you can simply tow them away with a rope. If you are in trailer gear with dual clutch transmission and the engine is turned off, there is a strict speed limit for you. The manual states that it is a very slow speed. If it is slightly faster, the gearbox may also suffer from such damage. I suggest that friends who are equipped with dual clutch transmissions should be rescued by simply lifting them onto a flatbed truck and then towing them away. Do not stay in place like this, as it can easily cause problems.

　　變速箱并不是終身免維護(hù)

　　The gearbox is not maintenance free for life

　　那么最后再來(lái)講講這個(gè)保養(yǎng)，其實(shí)和壽命有關(guān)系。很多朋友都覺得這個(gè)變速箱是終身免維護(hù)部件，其實(shí)并不是這樣的。那么比這個(gè)誤會(huì)更大的一個(gè)誤會(huì)呢，就是很多朋友覺得干式雙離合變速箱它是沒(méi)有變速箱油的，它不是干式的嗎，這個(gè)其實(shí)都不對(duì)。那這個(gè)保養(yǎng)手冊(cè)上都會(huì)寫的，變速箱油的保養(yǎng)更換周期。那干式雙離合呢它是離合器摩擦不用油，其它地方還是需要有變速箱油來(lái)潤(rùn)滑的。? ? ? ? ?

　　So finally, let's talk about maintenance, which is actually related to lifespan. Many friends think that this gearbox is a lifelong maintenance free component, but in fact, it is not like that. So a bigger misunderstanding than this is that many friends think that a dry dual clutch transmission does not have transmission oil, isn't it dry? This is actually not true. It will be written in this maintenance manual about the maintenance and replacement cycle of transmission oil. What about dry dual clutch? It does not require oil for clutch friction, but transmission oil is still needed for lubrication in other areas.?  ? ?  ? ?

　　所以說(shuō)這個(gè)雙離合變速器好好的去保養(yǎng)維護(hù)還是非常有意義的。如何延長(zhǎng)雙離合壽命呢？

　　So it is very meaningful to maintain and upkeep this dual clutch transmission properly. How to extend the lifespan of dual clutch transmission?

　　1、避免長(zhǎng)時(shí)間低速行駛堵車時(shí)的低速跟車蠕動(dòng)可謂是雙離合的一大噩夢(mèng)，因?yàn)殡x合片一直處于半聯(lián)動(dòng)的狀態(tài)，在1、2檔間頻繁換擋，會(huì)加劇磨合期片的磨損情況，使得壽命下降。因此，在低速跟車的情況下，可以把掛S檔（S檔時(shí)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速更高才會(huì)升檔）或者切換手動(dòng)模式1檔，避免走走停停1、2檔之間太頻繁的切換，磨損嚴(yán)重，同時(shí)造成變速箱過(guò)熱。

　　1. Avoiding low-speed creeping during long periods of traffic congestion can be a major nightmare for dual clutch transmission, as the clutch plates are always in a semi linked state. Frequent gear shifts between 1st and 2nd gears can exacerbate wear and tear during the break in period, leading to a decrease in lifespan. Therefore, when following at low speeds, you can shift to S gear (when the engine speed is higher, it will upshift) or switch to manual mode 1 to avoid frequent switching between start stop 1 and 2 gears, which can cause severe wear and tear and overheating of the gearbox.

　　2、合理利用好N擋變速箱掛D擋然后踩剎車時(shí)，會(huì)處于半聯(lián)動(dòng)狀態(tài)，加大離合器片的損耗。如果在堵車情況時(shí)，盡量走一段然后停一段，避免一直掛D擋踩剎車，不要半聯(lián)動(dòng)蠕行，但如果插隊(duì)的太多那也沒(méi)法了。建議各位朋友如果超過(guò)一分鐘的等待，也不要一個(gè)腳就剎車那邊踩在那邊，掛個(gè)N擋拉手剎就可以了，如果超過(guò)五分鐘了，干脆掛個(gè)P檔熄火。

　　2. Reasonably utilizing the N-gear transmission to shift to D gear and then applying the brake will result in a semi coupled state, increasing the wear and tear of the clutch plates. If you are stuck in traffic, try to walk for a while and then stop for a while, avoid constantly shifting to D gear and stepping on the brakes, and avoid semi linked creeping. However, if there are too many people cutting in line, it is also not possible. I suggest that if you wait for more than a minute, don't just press the brake on the other side with one foot. Just shift to N gear and pull the handbrake. If it's more than five minutes, simply shift to P gear and turn off the engine.

　　3、換擋不宜太快這里所指的換擋并不是行駛過(guò)程中的升降擋，而是指用換擋桿進(jìn)行R擋、P擋的切換。如果在車子還未完全停穩(wěn)的情況下加掛入R擋，或者倒車的時(shí)候還沒(méi)停穩(wěn)，馬上就掛在P檔。這兩種情況都會(huì)造成齒輪的劇烈沖擊，也就是常說(shuō)的“打齒輪”。而雙離合變速箱的一大常見故障就是齒輪特別容易被打掉，這個(gè)是目前我們維修廠經(jīng)常會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)雙離合的這一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　3. Shifting gears should not be too fast. The shifting referred to here is not the up and down gear during driving, but the use of the shift lever to switch between R and P gears. If you shift into R gear before the car has come to a complete stop, or if it hasn't come to a complete stop while reversing, immediately shift into P gear. Both of these situations can cause severe impact on the gears, commonly known as "gear shifting". A common problem with dual clutch transmissions is that the gears are particularly prone to breakage, which is a common issue found in our repair shops.

　　4、油門輕踩輕放往往相同的一款雙離合變速箱，在不同車型上卻表現(xiàn)出截然不同的調(diào)教。相較于硬件上的不同，雙離合的換擋邏輯才是每個(gè)車企需要花費(fèi)大量功夫?qū)Ｑ械牡胤健＜幢悻F(xiàn)在換擋邏輯已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)次的優(yōu)化，但要讓電腦完全領(lǐng)會(huì)到你的意思還是比較有難度的。因此要盡量做到油門輕踩輕放，避免電腦誤判駕駛需求選擇錯(cuò)誤檔位，導(dǎo)致?lián)Q檔頓挫及頻繁換檔，造成對(duì)齒輪的沖擊和對(duì)離合器片的過(guò)多磨損。

　　4. The same dual clutch transmission with light throttle often exhibits vastly different tuning on different models. Compared to hardware differences, the shift logic of dual clutch transmission is what every car manufacturer needs to spend a lot of effort researching. Even though the shift logic has undergone countless optimizations, it is still quite difficult for the computer to fully understand your meaning. Therefore, it is necessary to try to lightly press and release the accelerator to avoid the computer misjudging the driving needs and selecting the wrong gear, resulting in gear shifting jerks and frequent gear changes, causing impact on the gears and excessive wear on the clutch plates.

　　5、3~5年更換一次變速箱油很多人對(duì)離合器有一個(gè)誤解，就是濕式雙離合是浸泡在變速箱油液里的，而干式雙離合則是沒(méi)有變速箱油。其實(shí)只是離合器的主動(dòng)盤和從動(dòng)盤的連接介質(zhì)不同，干式是靠空氣，濕式是靠油液，無(wú)論是干式還是濕式，其他齒輪組等摩擦部件都是有變速箱油潤(rùn)滑的。一般情況下呢這個(gè)變速箱油的保質(zhì)期是三年，有些車型則是五年，具體參照用車手冊(cè)。變速箱油過(guò)期之后潤(rùn)滑效果會(huì)下降，而且會(huì)增加摩擦，造成齒輪組等摩擦部件損耗加大，降低壽命。其實(shí)對(duì)于雙離合變速箱來(lái)說(shuō)，其壽命相對(duì)其它變速箱來(lái)說(shuō)并不短，但是局限性較大。日常很多用車情況都會(huì)加劇行車磨損，所以給人的印象便是雙離合變速箱壽命短。而反觀CVT和AT變速箱，日常駕駛中就沒(méi)那么多的注意事項(xiàng)了，所以給人更加省心耐用的好印象。

　　5. Many people have a misconception about the clutch that the wet dual clutch is immersed in the transmission fluid, while the dry dual clutch has no transmission fluid. In fact, the only difference is the connection medium between the driving plate and the driven plate of the clutch. Dry type relies on air, while wet type relies on oil. Whether dry or wet, other friction components such as gear sets are lubricated with gearbox oil. In general, the shelf life of this transmission oil is three years, while for some models it is five years. Please refer to the user manual for details. After the transmission oil expires, the lubrication effect will decrease and friction will increase, causing increased wear and tear on friction components such as gear sets and reducing their lifespan. In fact, for dual clutch transmissions, their lifespan is not short compared to other transmissions, but they have significant limitations. Many daily driving situations can exacerbate driving wear and tear, giving the impression that dual clutch transmissions have a short lifespan. On the other hand, CVT and AT transmissions do not require as many precautions during daily driving, giving people a more worry free and durable impression.

　　本文由 濟(jì)南自動(dòng)變速箱維修  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://m.rlmp.com.cn/  真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from Jinan Automatic Transmission Maintenance For more related knowledge, please click http://m.rlmp.com.cn/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.